Inflammation
What is TNF-alpha? Optimal Ranges & Function
Normal Range:0-8.1 pg/mL
Optimal Range:0-2 pg/mL
What is TNF-alpha?
A pro-inflammatory cytokine produced primarily by macrophages. TNF-alpha helps coordinate the immune response but becomes harmful when chronically elevated.
Why TNF-alpha Matters
TNF-alpha drives inflammation in autoimmune diseases, metabolic syndrome, and aging. Elevated levels are linked to insulin resistance, muscle wasting, and bone loss. Many longevity interventions (caloric restriction, exercise, fasting) work partly by reducing TNF-alpha.
Symptoms of Low TNF-alpha
- Low is optimal
- Indicates healthy immune regulation
Symptoms of High TNF-alpha
- Fatigue and malaise
- Insulin resistance
- Muscle loss
- Bone density reduction
- Depression
- Autoimmune symptoms
- Accelerated aging
Reference Ranges
0 pg/mL8.1 pg/mL
0
2
Standard Lab Range
BioStack Optimal
| Range Type | Minimum | Maximum | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal Range | 0 | 8.1 | pg/mL |
| Optimal Range | 0 | 2 | pg/mL |